ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the susceptibility gene polymorphism sites of primary knee osteoarthritis (PKO). MethodsThe literature on genetic susceptibility and gene polymorphisms of PKO were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and China Biomedical Literature Database from establishment of the library to December, 2020, and systematically reviewed. ResultsA total of 42 papers on the polymorphism sites of human PKO susceptibility genes were included, involving cellular signaling pathways related to PKO pathogenesis, including inflammatory response, receptor signaling pathway, transcription factor signaling pathway, bone-related signaling pathway, etc. Multiple gene polymorphism sites located in inflammatory factor genes, chemokine genes, Toll-like receptor genes, transcription factor genes, obesity-related genes, and bone-related genes. ConclusionInflammatory factor genes and bone-associated allele polymorphisms are likely to be related to PKO susceptibility.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the characteristics of fat infiltration into the muscles of patients with Becker and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) so as to provide a guide for rehabilitation therapy.Methods Twenty-three children with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) and 47 with DMD who had never been treated with glucocorticoids were enrolled.MRI was performed on both of their thigh muscles.T1 weighted images were used to assess the fat infiltration of their thigh muscles using a 0-5 modified version of Mercuri's scale.The progression of fatty infiltration of the thigh muscles in BMD was analyzed using descriptive statistics.The differences in fat infiltration between BMD and DMD were analyzed using rank sum tests.Results In patients with BMD the adductor magnus most often showed severe fat infiltration,followed by the biceps femoris,quadriceps,semimembranosus and semitendinosus,while the sartorius,gracilis and adductor longus had the lowest percentages of severe fat infiltration.Among the BMD patients the adductor magnus,biceps femoris and quadriceps showed moderate to severe involvement at the age of 8 to 9.The semimembranosus and semitendinosus showed moderate to severe involvement at the age of 10 to 11,and the sartorius,gracilis and adductor longus showed mild to moderate involvement after 15 years of age.Among the age groups of 8,9,10 and 11 years old,the median total fat infiltration scores were 10,22,28 and 25 respectively among the BMD patients,and 29,34,34 and 30 respectively among the DMD patients.At age 8 significant differences between the BMD and DMD patients were observed in the infiltration scores of the adductor magnus,biceps femoris,vastus lateralis,rectus femoris,vastus medialis,vastus intermedius and in the total scores.At age 9 significant differences persisted in the scores of the adductor magnus,rectus femoris,vastus medialis,vastus intermedius and the total scores.Conclusions The muscle MRIs showed significant differences in the degree of fatty infiltration between BMD and DMD patients.These findings may be useful when designing therapeutic regimens and rehabilitation programs for patients with BMD and DMD.
ABSTRACT
The intervention and rehabilitation for the management of myofascial pain syndrome significantly changed in the past de-cade. This review summarized the most recent advances in the treatment for myofascial pain syndromes.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effects of spinal segmental stabilization exercises (SSE)at home on the quality of life for community dwelling elderly patients with lower back pain.Methods Eighty elderly patients with lower back pain were divided into two groups according to the random number method:the experimental group,which received intervention for three months,and the control group,which received no intervention.Evaluation was conducted using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL BREF).Results The ODI and WHOQOL-BREF scores for the control group were (0.32 ± 0.09) and (87.65 ± 8.63),respectively,before treatment,and (0.32± 0.07) and (87.98 ±8.15),respectively,three months after treatment; the scores for the experimental group were (0.32 ± 0.09) and (87.97 ± 8.71),respectively,before treatment,and (0.27 ± 0.09) and (92.30 ± 9.64),respectively,three months after treatment.No statistically significant difference was found in ODI and WHOQOL-BREF scores in the control group before and three months after treatment (t=0.311 and-0.672,respectively; P ＞0.05 for both),while statistically significant differences were detected before and three months after treatment (t =0.311 and-0.672,respectively; P＜ 0.05 for both).Differences in ODI and WHOQOL-BREF scores were also found between the experimental group and the control group three months after treatment (t=8.500 and-4.526,respectively; P＜0.05 for both).Conclusions Spinal segmental stabilization exercises can effectively relieve symptoms,improve body functions and uplift the quality of life for community-dwelling elderly patients with lower back pain.As a beneficial physical therapy option,SSE can be promoted in residential communities.
ABSTRACT
@#The intervention and rehabilitation for the management of myofascial pain syndrome significantly changed in the past decade.This review summarized the most recent advances in the treatment for myofascial pain syndromes.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Low back pain (LBP) is a common clinical problem. Many researchers have demonstrated that LBP disorders have difference in sensory strategies for postural control. Optokinetic stimulation (OKS) of optic flow has been widely applied to study its effect on vision, but has not been applied to LBP. Here we used OKS on different surfaces to investigate the characteristics of chronic nonspecific LBP (CNLBP) posture control, so as to provide new theoretical and experimental data for further recognizing CNLBP and enriching its treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen individuals with CNLBP (age range 25-40 years) and 15 age and gender-matched control subjects were recruited. Each subject, while standing on a stable or soft surface, was exposed to random-dot patterns projected on a large screen, with the dots displaying expansion (+) and contraction (-) and velocities including 80°, 40°, and 20° per second. The visual stimulus used a "stimuli-interval" pattern. The peak velocity, different phases' standard deviation (SD) of the anterior-posterior centre of pressure (COP) displacements and the total length of the medial-lateral COP sway (LML) for stable surface and soft surface were recorded by force platform.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The main effect of surface on all parameters was significant, while the main effect of group and OKS showed no significance with the exception of peak velocity (F(3, 95) = 3.6, P = 0.01) and A2 (F(5, 140) = 9.34, P < 0.01) for which the effect of OKS was significant. The interactions of group by OKS of A2 (F(5, 140) = 3.65, P < 0.01) and group by surface by OKS (F(5,140) = 2.83, P = 0.02), and surface by OKS of A1 and A3 (P < 0.05) were significant. It was reported that significantly more SD in amplitude in the T2 phase was seen in persons with CNLBP when confronting the + 40 stimuli on the soft surface (P < 0.05) compared to healthy individuals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There was no significance between persons with CNLBP and healthy people when using the stable surface. Subjects with LBP showed decreased efficiency of postural adjustment when exposed to more complicated tasks and environments, especially OKS in the expansion direction, and displayed a visual-dependent phenomenon. This result suggested that the treatment of abnormal motor patterns in people with LBP should take the properties of task and environment into account.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Case-Control Studies , Healthy Volunteers , Low Back Pain , Postural Balance , Physiology , Posture , PhysiologyABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo compare the coordination characteristic of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) between patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy subjects. Methods34 patients with knee osteoarthritis and 34 controls with normal knee were tested in isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 10°, 60°, 100° flexion and isokinetic knee extension at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Surface electromyogram (EMG) was recorded in the VM, RF and VL. The activation sequence of muscles and VM/VL EMG ratio were analyzed. ResultsThe VM started significantly later than the VL in isokinetic contraction at 180°/s in patients compared with the controls (P<0.05), and the VM/VL EMG ratio decreased in isometric contraction with knee extension at 10° (P<0.05). ConclusionThe coordination of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis decreases in the knee osteoarthritis patients.
ABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo explore the validity of Frenchay Activities Index on Chinese stroke patients.MethodsThe 39 stroke patients as stroke group and 39 healthy subjects as control group were assessed by the same rater using Frenchay Activities Index twice. In the first assessment, Barthel index was addititionally used to measure the activities of daily living for the stroke group. The Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to analyse the concurrent validity of the Barthel Index and Frenchay Activities Index in the stroke group. The paired t test was used to compare the scores of Frenchay Activities Index between two groups.ResultsThe correlation coefficient of Frenchay Activities Index and Barthel Index was 0.727 in the stroke group(P<0.001). The scores of each items and the total scores of the Frenchay Activities Index in the stroke group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).ConclusionFrenchay Activities Index is acceptable for stroke.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the balance ability between normal people and non-specific low back pain (nsLBP) patients and explore the relationship between balance ability and muscle function in nsLBP patients. Method: Ten nsLBP patients as nsLBP group and 10 age and gender-matched healthy control subjects as control group were investigated. Posturography on balance platform and surface electromyography (sEMG) were performed to assess all the subjects' function of equilibrium and muscle activities of erector spinea(ES), muhifidus(MF), abdominal external oblique (EO), hamstring (HS) and maximal gluteus (MG) bilaterally. Result: The nsLBP subjects had greater sway on anterior-posterior direction (Y-speed and Y-extension, P=0.05) on feet-together posture and bigger main axis (P=0.023) on nature standing with eyes closed when compared with controls. The iEMG ratios of right MG in nature standing (eyes closed)/ nature standing (eyes open) and feet-together (eyes open)/nature standing (eyes open) in control group were significant higher than that in nsLBP group (P=0.03 and P=0.013). Conclusion: Balance evaluation combined with sEMG measurement on trank and lower limb muscles provided some quantitative information about functional deficits such as pestural control and muscle activities in nsLBP patients. This relationship should be emphasized in prevention and rehabilitation of nsLBP.
ABSTRACT
@#The literatures in the PubMed between 1954～2009 on following aspects, such as grip strength assessment tools and Methods , influence factors, endurance of grip strength, test reliability was reviewed. It showed that grip strength is influenced by many factors, and standardized procedure and method should be recommended in the clinical practice for accurate outcome.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To explore the test-retest reliability of the computerized dynamometer to measure the grip strength in the healthy subjects and cervical radiculopathy patients, and investigate their characteristics. Methods The grip strength of 20 healthy subjects and 26 radiculopathy patients were measured with dynamometer, including the maximal voluntary grip strength at 5 width twice and the 10 s sustained isometric grip at the second width (45 mm) of the dynamometer once. Results The Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.947～0.989 in healthy subjects, and 0.903～0.960 in cervical radiculopathy patients. The maximal voluntary grip strength of healthy subjects was significantly stronger than that of the radiculopathy patients (P<0.05). The decrease rate of grip strength in non-dominant side, if affected, in the cervical radiculopathy patients was significantly slower than that of the healthy subject's non-dominant side (P<0.05). Conclusion The computerized dynamometer is a reliable tool to evaluate the grip strength in both healthy subjects and cervical radiculopathy patients. The grip strength of healthy subject's is stronger than of the radiculopathy patients. The endurance of grip is better in the radiculopathy patient's non-dominant side if affected.
ABSTRACT
@#15 year literatures from databases such as MEDLINE, PUBMED, and CNKI were reviewed. The foundings indicate that there are a lot of scales to assess diabetic specific quality of life, but no one can involve the following aspects: body function, body structure, activity and participation, and environmental factors except ICF core sets for diabetes mellitus which involve the four aspects listed above. Nowadays an international multi-center validation study of the ICF core sets for 12 chronic conditions is ongoing, and so far there has been no report on the validation of the ICF core sets for diabetes mellitus yet. Through the validation study of the ICF core sets for diabetes mellitus, it is anticipated that the ICF core sets for diabetes mellitus can comprehensively describe health and functional status of diabetic patients, thus can create a valid and common tool or language to assess diabetes mellitus. It will facilitate communication between different disciplines and countries, provide effective interventions and finally improve health and functional level of diabetic patients.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the activation characteristics (contraction velocity, force and anti-fatigue) of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) by using surface electromyogram (sEMG) during isometric and isokinetic quadriceps femoris force tests in knee osteoarthritis. Methods The participants included an observation group (n=34) and a control group (n=34).The age, height, body weight, gender, dominant side and Q angle were matched between the two groups. The participants' quadriceps femoris force and sEMG of VM, RF and VL were tested in isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic knee extension at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Comparisons were made for recruitment rate, average amplitude, peak torque/bodyweight ratio, index of fatigue by independent-group t-test, with the alpha level set at 0.05 for significant differences between groups.Results ①Recruitment rate of VM in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s, RF in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and VL in isometric contraction at 10°and 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s were all significantly slower in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ②The average amplitudes of VM, RF in isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s and RF, VL in isometric contraction at 10° were significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ③Peak torque/bodyweight ratio of quadriceps was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group in isometric contraction at 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s(P<0.05). ④In isokinetic contraction at 180°/s the index of fatigue was significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion A significant decreasing contraction velocity and force, increasing anti-fatigue of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis were found in knee osteoarthritis patients when compared with healthy subjects.
ABSTRACT
@# Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has already used in many aspects of rehabilitation medicine, including the rehabilitation of motor function especially after stroke or spinal cord injury. This paper reviewed the parameters for and the effects on motor function rehabilitation.
ABSTRACT
@#With the increasing morbidity of brain injury suffered from different causes,a large number of researchers focus on the recovery of the post-brain-injury.Based on the brain plasticity theory,this paper reviewed some possible recovery mechanisms of the post-brain-injury,including changes in neural cells,functional reorganization,functional compensation,changes in the excitability of cortex,and specific skills learning.
ABSTRACT
@# Objective To analyze the features of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal of the tibial anterior muscle and gastrocnemius muscle in the stroke patients when sitting and standing.Methods Fifteen stroke patients and fifteen normal subjects were involved in this study. All subjects were asked to stand up and sit down. It repeated five times continuously. The electromyographic signals were collected by surface electrode and then processed by linear time and frequency domain method.Results In sitting position, tibial anterior muscle had significant differences in mean power frequency and median frequency ( P<0.05) when the paretic and non-paretic lower limb, the non-paretic lower limb in stroke patients and in normal subjects were compared. The gastrocnemius muscle had notable differences ( P<0.05) in root mean square when the non-paretic lower limb in stroke patients and in normal subjects were compared. In standing position, tibial anterior muscle also had significant differences in root mean square and integrated electromyography ( P<0.05) as the same frequency domain comparing as above. The gastrocnemius muscle had notable differences on time domain, when the paretic and non-paretic lower limb, the paretic lower limb in stroke patients and the limb in normal subjects were compared ( P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion sEMG is a brief, applied, feasible assessment method in rehabilitation.
ABSTRACT
In order to consummate medical emergency equipment in biochemistry terror incident for Chinese People's Armed Police Forces,a set of emergency succor equipment is developed,which processes such function as biochemical detection,biochemical wash & antisepsis,biochemical treatment & cure and biochemical prevention.Its flexibility and practicability are stood out so as to upgrade guarantee ability in biochemistry terror incident.
ABSTRACT
Medical equipment contributes a lot to medical service at war time and peacetime.This paper proposes four problems in medical equipment management and the solutions.